What is Microdosing?
Microdosing involves the consumption of sub-perceptual amounts of psychedelic substances, such as LSD or psilocybin, with the aim of enhancing cognitive performance and well-being without inducing significant alterations in consciousness (Kuypers et al., 2019). This practice has garnered increasing attention for its potential benefits in areas such as mental health, creativity, and productivity. Although psychedelics have a history of recreational use and a reputation for inducing profound, often mystical experiences, microdosing involves doses so small they do not produce noticeable psychoactive effects (Johnstad, 2018).
The concept of microdosing traces back to the 1960s, but it has only recently entered the mainstream as anecdotal reports and emerging research suggest various benefits (Polito & Stevenson, 2019). Microdosing typically involves taking about 1/10th to 1/20th of a recreational dose of a psychedelic substance every few days. Despite the lack of a standardized protocol, this regimen is believed to promote subtle improvements in mood, focus, and creativity (Kuypers et al., 2019).
How Does it Work?
The mechanisms through which microdosing exerts its effects are not entirely understood, but it is hypothesized that low doses of psychedelics may modulate serotonin receptors in the brain, particularly the 5-HT2A receptor (Kuypers et al., 2019). This receptor plays a crucial role in mood regulation, cognition, and perception. Psychedelics such as LSD and psilocybin are known to enhance synaptic plasticity, potentially leading to improved brain function and cognitive flexibility (Lowe et al., 2019).
Research suggests that these substances may also affect brain networks involved in self-referential thinking and introspection. For instance, Carhart-Harris et al. (2019) found that psychedelics reduce the activity of the default mode network (DMN), a brain network associated with self-referential thoughts and mind-wandering. This reduction in DMN activity could explain the reported increases in mindfulness and emotional well-being among microdosers (Fadiman & Korb, 2019).
Benefits of Microdosing
Proponents of microdosing report a range of benefits, including enhanced creativity, increased focus, improved mood, and greater productivity. A study by Anderson et al. (2019) found that individuals who microdosed reported lower levels of anxiety and depression compared to non-microdosers. These improvements in mental health may be linked to the modulation of serotonin receptors and the enhancement of synaptic plasticity mentioned earlier.
Additionally, microdosing has been associated with increased creativity and problem-solving abilities. Research by Polito and Stevenson (2019) indicated that microdosers often experience heightened levels of divergent thinking, a cognitive process linked to creativity. This boost in creativity could be beneficial for individuals in creative professions or those seeking innovative solutions to complex problems.
Risks and Considerations
Despite the potential benefits, microdosing is not without risks. One primary concern is the lack of comprehensive scientific research on the long-term effects of microdosing. While initial studies are promising, more extensive research is needed to understand the potential adverse effects fully (Cameron et al., 2020).
Moreover, the legal status of psychedelics poses a significant risk. In many countries, substances like LSD and psilocybin are classified as Schedule I drugs, making their possession and use illegal. This legal constraint can lead to potential legal consequences and difficulties in obtaining these substances safely (Johnstad, 2018).
There are also concerns about the potential for psychological risks. For example, individuals with a history of mental health disorders, particularly those prone to psychosis or schizophrenia, may be at an increased risk of adverse effects from psychedelics, even at low doses (Polito & Stevenson, 2019).
Who Should Consider Microdosing?
Microdosing may be suitable for individuals seeking to enhance their cognitive performance, creativity, and overall well-being. Professionals in creative fields, such as artists, writers, and designers, may find microdosing particularly beneficial for boosting creativity and overcoming mental blocks (Kuypers et al., 2019).
Furthermore, individuals struggling with mild anxiety or depression may consider microdosing as a complementary approach to traditional treatments. Preliminary studies suggest that microdosing can have mood-enhancing effects, potentially providing relief for those experiencing low-level mood disorders (Anderson et al., 2019).
Who Should Avoid Microdosing?
Microdosing is not recommended for everyone. Individuals with a history of mental health disorders, particularly those with a predisposition to psychosis or schizophrenia, should avoid microdosing due to the potential for exacerbating their condition (Polito & Stevenson, 2019). Additionally, pregnant or breastfeeding women should refrain from microdosing as the effects on fetal and infant development are unknown (Kuypers et al., 2019).
People with no prior experience with psychedelics should also approach microdosing with caution. The lack of standardized dosing and potential variability in individual responses can pose risks. It is advisable for such individuals to consult with a healthcare professional before starting a microdosing regimen (Lowe et al., 2019).
How to Start a Microdosing Regimen
Starting a microdosing regimen involves careful consideration and planning. First, it is essential to research the substance to be used and ensure it is obtained from a reliable and legal source. Understanding the correct dosage is crucial; typically, a microdose is about 1/10th to 1/20th of a recreational dose (Kuypers et al., 2019).
A common microdosing schedule involves taking a dose every three days, allowing time for the body to reset and reducing the likelihood of tolerance development. It is also recommended to keep a journal to track the effects and any changes in mood, productivity, and creativity (Johnstad, 2018).
Tips for Successful Microdosing
To maximize the benefits and minimize the risks of microdosing, consider the following tips:
- Start Low and Go Slow: Begin with the lowest possible dose and gradually increase if needed, paying close attention to how your body and mind respond (Polito & Stevenson, 2019).
- Keep a Journal: Documenting your experiences can help you understand the effects and make any necessary adjustments to your regimen (Johnstad, 2018).
- Stay Informed: Continuously educate yourself about the substances you are using and stay updated with the latest research (Kuypers et al., 2019).
- Consult a Professional: If possible, seek guidance from a healthcare professional experienced in psychedelics to ensure safety and effectiveness (Lowe et al., 2019).
Final Thoughts
Microdosing presents an intriguing possibility for enhancing mental health, creativity, and productivity. While initial research and anecdotal reports are promising, it is crucial to approach this practice with caution and awareness of the potential risks. Individuals considering microdosing should conduct thorough research, consult healthcare professionals, and start with low doses to ensure a safe and beneficial experience.
Ultimately, microdosing is a highly individual practice, and what works for one person may not work for another. By staying informed and mindful, individuals can make informed decisions about whether microdosing is suitable for their unique needs and circumstances.
While microdosing offers potential benefits, such as enhanced creativity, improved mood, and increased productivity, it is not a one-size-fits-all solution. The practice involves careful consideration of individual health, legal implications, and the potential risks and benefits. As with any health-related practice, it is essential to prioritize safety and make informed decisions based on the most current research available.
References
Anderson, T., Petranker, R., Christopher, A., Rosenbaum, D., Weissman, C., Dinh-Williams, L.-A., Hui, K., Hapke, E., & Farb, N. (2019). Microdosing psychedelics: Personality, mental health, and creativity differences in microdosers. Psychopharmacology, 236(2), 731–740Â
Cameron, L. P., Benson, C. J., DeFelice, B. C., Fiehn, O., & Olson, D. E. (2020). Chronic, intermittent microdoses of the psychedelic N,N-dimethyltryptamine (DMT) produce beneficial effects on mood and anxiety in rodents. ACS Chemical Neuroscience, 11(21), 3191-3200. https://doi.org/10.1021/acschemneuro.0c00479
Fadiman J, Krob S. Microdosing: the phenomenon, research results, and startling surprises. InLecture presented at the Psychedelic Science 2017 conference, Oakland, CA 2017.
Johnstad, P. G. (2018). Powerful substances in tiny amounts: An interview study of psychedelic microdosing. Nordic Studies on Alcohol and Drugs, 35(1), 39-51.
Kuypers, K. P. C., Riba, J., de la Fuente Revenga, M., Barker, S., Theunissen, E. L., & Ramaekers, J. G. (2019). Ayahuasca enhances creative divergent thinking while decreasing conventional convergent thinking. Psychopharmacology,Â
Lowe, H., & Rucker, J. (2019). Psychedelics and the default mode network: Insights from PET and fMRI. Psychopharmacology, 236(2), 579–592.
Polito, V., & Stevenson, R. J. (2019). A systematic study of microdosing psychedelics. PLOS ONE, 14(2), e0211023. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0211023
